One of the most effective ways to prevent suicide is by reducing access to the tools that could be used in a suicide attempt. This simple step can save lives, particularly in moments of intense emotional crisis when impulsivity is heightened. By creating safer environments and limiting access to lethal means such as firearms, medications, and other dangerous items, we can help protect people at risk for suicide.
Firearm Safe Storage
Firearms are the most common method of suicide in the U.S., especially among men. Safely storing firearms can significantly reduce the risk of suicide, particularly in households where someone may be struggling with their mental health.
Here are some best practices for firearm safety:
- Store firearms locked and unloaded: Keep firearms in a locked gun safe or lockbox, separate from ammunition.
- Use trigger or cable locks: These devices prevent guns from being fired, adding another layer of safety.
- Consider temporary removal: If someone in the home is in crisis or experiencing suicidal thoughts, temporarily removing firearms from the home may be the safest option. Ask a trusted friend or family member to hold onto the firearms or store them at a secure location (such as a gun range or law enforcement office) until the immediate danger has passed.
Medication Safety and Disposal
Medications, especially prescription painkillers, sedatives, and antidepressants, can also be used in suicide attempts. Reducing access to these medications by storing them safely and disposing of unused or expired prescriptions is a simple but effective suicide prevention strategy.
Here’s how to make your home safer:
- Lock up medications: Store prescription medications in a locked cabinet or box, especially if someone in the household is at risk of self-harm.
- Count and monitor: Keep track of how many pills are in each prescription bottle to ensure none are missing.
- Dispose of unused medications: Don’t leave unused or expired medications lying around. Most pharmacies offer drug take-back programs, and many communities have designated drop-off sites for safe disposal. Alternatively, the FDA recommends mixing unused medications with something unpalatable (like coffee grounds or cat litter) and sealing them in a bag before throwing them away.
Household Safety
In addition to firearms and medications, consider other potential hazards in the home:
- Limit access to sharp objects or potentially dangerous tools: Store knives, razor blades, and other sharp items in safe, secure locations.
- Supervise and limit alcohol or substance use: Substances like alcohol can lower inhibitions and increase impulsivity, making a suicidal person more likely to act.
ATTN: Homes with Children or Adolescents
If there are children or adolescents in the home, reducing access to lethal means becomes even more critical. Ensuring that firearms, medications, and other potentially harmful substances are securely stored and inaccessible can prevent self-harm or a suicide attempt. Creating a protective space not only safeguards individuals in crisis but also helps create a secure and supportive home for everyone.
How Reducing Access Saves Lives
Reducing access to lethal means doesn’t remove someone’s distress, but it can buy critical time during a crisis. Suicidal thoughts often come in waves, and the urge to act can be temporary. By creating barriers to lethal means, we provide time for those feelings to pass and for the person to seek help.
In fact, research shows that limiting access to means like firearms or dangerous medications significantly reduces suicide rates in populations where these safety measures are implemented. It’s one of the most immediate and effective steps families and communities can take to protect individuals who are at risk.
Take Action Now
If someone in your home is struggling with suicidal thoughts or thoughts of self-harm, take steps today to make your environment safer:
- Secure all firearms and medications.
- Dispose of unused prescriptions properly.
- Keep harmful objects out of reach, especially during times of emotional crisis.
Remember, suicide prevention is about creating a supportive environment that promotes safety and healing. These small but powerful changes can be life-saving measures for those at risk.
